Who regulates aviation in Europe
Pilot licensing in Europe is governed by EASA, the European Union Aviation Safety Agency. EASA writes the common rules, and each country's national authority applies them and issues the licences: the DGAC in France, the LBA in Germany, ENAC in Italy, AESA in Spain, ANAC in Portugal, and so on. The same rules apply in the 27 EU countries plus Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. The United Kingdom left the EASA system after Brexit and is now regulated by the UK CAA.
The licensing rules are known as Part-FCL (Flight Crew Licensing) and the medical rules as Part-MED. Both are annexes to European Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011.
The European licence ladder (aeroplanes)
| Licence | Minimum age | Medical |
|---|---|---|
| LAPL — Light Aircraft Pilot Licence | 17 | LAPL medical |
| PPL — Private Pilot Licence | 17 | Class 2 |
| CPL — Commercial Pilot Licence | 18 | Class 1 |
| ATPL — Airline Transport Pilot Licence | 21 | Class 1 |
On top of the licence, pilots add ratings: a class rating for simple aircraft (for example single-engine or multi-engine piston), a type rating for jets and other complex aircraft, and an instrument rating (IR) to fly in clouds. Training is done at approved or declared training organisations (ATOs and DTOs).
Where it often starts: the French BIA
In France, many future pilots begin with the BIA, the Brevet d'Initiation Aéronautique. It is a national certificate awarded jointly by the French Ministry of Education and the ministry in charge of transport, open to students from age 13. The exam covers five subjects: aerodynamics and principles of flight, aircraft and spacecraft, meteorology, navigation and flight safety, and the history of aviation and space. The BIA is not a pilot licence, but it is a strong foundation, and many young pilots use it as their first step towards a PPL.
Europe vs. the United States, in one table
| Europe (EASA) | United States (FAA) | |
|---|---|---|
| Rules | Part-FCL / Part-MED (Regulation (EU) 1178/2011) | 14 CFR Part 61 / Part 67 |
| Licences | LAPL, PPL, CPL, ATPL (+ MPL) | Private, Commercial, ATP |
| Who issues them | Each country's authority (DGAC, LBA…) | The FAA |
| Second pilot on a two-pilot jet | Needs a type rating for the aircraft | Qualified under FAR 61.55; the SIC type rating is needed for flights outside the U.S. |
Can a European pilot do the CE-500 SIC type rating?
Yes. Nationality is not a requirement. Because the rating is issued by the FAA, the path has a few extra steps:
- Get an FAA pilot certificate. The FAA can issue a U.S. private pilot certificate based on your European licence (14 CFR 61.75), without a new flight test, if your licence is at least PPL level, you have a valid medical, and you read, speak, write and understand English. The FAA first confirms your licence with the authority that issued it. Ratings on your European licence can be carried over, and an instrument rating can be added if your licence has instrument privileges and you pass the FAA instrument knowledge test. A certificate issued this way is valid only together with your European licence and gives private-pilot privileges only.
- Check our enrollment standards. Our program asks for a commercial pilot certificate with multi-engine land and instrument ratings, a current FAA first-class medical, 500 hours total and 50 hours multi-engine. Pilots slightly below these minimums are evaluated case by case by our flight instructor.
- Get TSA approval before flying. Non-U.S. citizens need approval from the TSA Flight Training Security Program (formerly the Alien Flight Student Program) before starting flight training towards a type rating in the United States.
- Train with us in Florida. Online ground school, then flight training in a real Citation at North Perry Airport (KHWO), under FAR 61.55.
The rating is issued by the FAA and goes on your FAA certificate. It does not automatically appear on your European licence, so check with your national authority if you also want it recognised there.
Planning to get paid to fly? A certificate issued on the basis of a foreign licence gives private privileges only. To work as a paid pilot on U.S.-registered aircraft you need an FAA commercial pilot certificate.
General information based on Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011, 14 CFR 61.55 and 61.75, and the TSA Flight Training Security Program. Rules change; confirm your situation with the FAA, the TSA and your national aviation authority. Last reviewed: October 2026.
